TheCuffeMeister

Position: Recruit

Joined: 2022-10-29

Stats
GM X
GM VIII
GM VI
Company statistics
Team statistics
Skirmishes statistics
Stronghold statistics
Share
Other

Overall Stats

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	4113		0		0		0
Ø Tier	7,16		0,00		0,00		0,00
Victories	1874	45,56%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	2197	53,42%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	42	1,02%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	714	17,36%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	2118	0,51	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,62		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	4466	1,09	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	781,86		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	2267	0,55	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	1125	0,27	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	565,20		0,00		0,00		0,00
WN7	737,55		0,00		0,00		0,00
WN8	845,21		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	4113
Ø Tier	7,16
Victories	1874	45,56%
Defeats	2197	53,42%
Draws	42	1,02%
Battles survived	714	17,36%
Tanks destroyed	2118	0,51
Destruction ratio	0,62
Tanks spotted	4466	1,09
Damage dealt	781,86
Capture points	2267	0,55
Defense points	1125	0,27
Experience	565,20
WN7	737,55
WN8	845,21

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Ø Tier	0,00
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00
WN7	0,00
WN8	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Ø Tier	0,00
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00
WN7	0,00
WN8	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Ø Tier	0,00
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00
WN7	0,00
WN8	0,00

Created at:

Last battle:

Last update:

Globalmap Absolute X

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Globalmap Champion VIII

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Globalmap Middle VI

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Company statistics

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Team statistics

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Skirmishes statistics

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Stronghold defense statistics

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

World of Tanks Profile

Anzeigen

Tanks (83)

Tank Name	Tier	Ø Damage	Ø XP	Battles	Victories	WN8
Bat.-Châtillon Bourrasque	8	1035,76	698	271	49,45%	1119,16
SU-130PM	8	1405,12	719	242	49,17%	1441,13
KV-2	6	582,67	485	175	45,14%	801,10
BZ-176	8	1255,09	794	170	50,59%	1140,92
Škoda T 56	8	1211,94	714	154	46,10%	939,68
ISU-152	8	889,61	581	141	51,06%	790,48
KV-3	7	566,06	551	132	48,48%	569,73
IS-2-II	8	546,27	490	132	34,09%	304,00
LTTB	8	339,32	461	131	37,40%	305,29
Char Futur 4	9	1720,63	766	126	50,00%	1406,91
T-54 ltwt.	9	664,99	629	109	44,95%	756,61
T26E4 SuperPershing	8	646,27	635	104	42,31%	616,12
AMBT	8	1166,26	675	95	44,21%	1198,62
Object 257	9	1091,32	613	92	35,87%	725,37
T69	8	624,22	585	91	45,05%	585,65
T20	7	390,77	473	91	48,35%	392,66
T-150	6	344,02	379	85	40,00%	301,56
E 75	9	1325,95	709	84	44,05%	1043,19
T-50-2	6	174,10	367	83	44,58%	227,28
Tiger II	8	948,52	613	75	40,00%	837,16
IS-3	8	881,14	672	73	50,68%	862,09
VK 30.02 (M)	6	572,93	551	59	49,15%	989,78
KV-1	5	381,60	434	58	50,00%	654,57
M12	7	727,11	637	56	55,36%	879,79
IS	7	622,42	601	55	56,36%	715,28
M26 Pershing	8	944,76	646	54	46,30%	1077,52
T1 Heavy	5	443,41	437	49	44,90%	697,69
Caernarvon	8	1121,27	723	48	41,67%	1126,52
M4A1 Sherman	5	208,42	311	48	37,50%	260,60
T-34	5	302,46	365	48	50,00%	657,68
M44	6	436,02	440	45	53,33%	566,88
T-34-85	6	502,71	519	45	57,78%	861,43
T-28	4	107,42	163	45	37,78%	58,04
T29	7	917,36	620	44	36,36%	880,62
T3 HMC	2	72,80	133	44	45,45%	100,81
KV-1S	6	367,42	398	43	37,21%	393,18
VK 30.02 (D)	7	724,54	664	41	46,34%	1059,33
LTG	7	249,35	434	40	55,00%	363,06
FV226 Contradictious	8	1260,49	681	39	38,46%	1015,75
T-43	7	628,08	563	36	44,44%	813,47
BT-7	4	176,03	319	35	62,86%	652,69
T-46	3	60,32	155	34	58,82%	175,71
Tiger I	7	816,00	611	33	39,39%	829,03
Leopard Prototyp A	9	1572,30	633	33	33,33%	1309,23
Object 704	9	1134,13	620	31	51,61%	757,68
M3 Lee	4	141,44	244	27	44,44%	296,67
T25 AT	7	448,11	367	27	33,33%	296,25
Stone Sentinel	8	1382,28	904	25	60,00%	1486,85
14TP	4	226,52	285	25	40,00%	617,35
M41	5	296,67	334	24	54,17%	381,52
VK 36.01 (H)	6	523,50	463	24	41,67%	650,40
Churchill VII	6	838,55	602	20	30,00%	1385,80
Churchill I	5	478,95	520	20	60,00%	1008,00
T-26	2	47,50	76	20	35,00%	0,00
A-43	6	464,21	406	19	26,32%	643,12
Concept 1B	9	1194,56	698	18	38,89%	663,06
Type 2597 Chi-Ha	3	453,73	376	15	40,00%	1642,04
Cruiser Mk. IV	4	439,46	367	13	38,46%	1210,88
E 100	10	1791,30	694	10	20,00%	1361,05
Cruiser Mk. III	3	152,67	239	9	33,33%	467,93
Super Hellcat	7	259,44	418	9	66,67%	327,99
M4A3E2 Sherman Jumbo	6	327,44	382	9	33,33%	344,21
M36 Jackson	6	795,11	611	9	66,67%	1445,03
T28	8	1097,00	708	8	50,00%	1024,97
M5A1 Stuart	4	472,00	423	8	37,50%	1844,41
Vz. 68 Squall	8	330,13	506	8	37,50%	258,42
T2 Medium Tank	2	84,83	187	6	33,33%	173,63
Panhard AMD 178B	6	55,00	149	5	0,00%	0,00
KV-1SA	5	508,50	354	4	0,00%	867,05
T-44	8	355,75	345	4	25,00%	155,06
StuG III Ausf. G	5	418,75	264	4	50,00%	742,46
M2 Medium Tank	3	133,00	312	4	75,00%	521,36
MS-1	1	123,33	118	3	0,00%	515,35
T56 GMC	3	95,33	73	3	0,00%	62,56
T-100 LT	10	324,67	539	3	66,67%	336,94
IS-2M	7	737,00	822	2	100,00%	800,33
Hotchkiss EBR	7	94,00	317	2	50,00%	115,81
IS-M	8	0,00	202	2	0,00%	0,00
M24E2 Super Chaffee	6	0,00	432	1	100,00%	261,00
T3E2 Medium Tank	3	375,00	333	1	0,00%	1226,49
T1 Cunningham	1	64,00	205	1	100,00%	389,88
SU-2-122	5	326,00	194	1	0,00%	397,91
VK 28.01 mit 10,5 cm L/28	6	359,00	201	1	0,00%	512,95

Graphs

WN8

Anzeigen

Clan history

[ESKET] ESKEETIT

Position: Recruit

Joined: 2022-10-29

[ESKET] ESKEETIT

Position: Recruit

Joined: 2022-10-29

Left: 2024-12-24

TheCuffeMeister

Overall Stats

Globalmap Absolute X

Globalmap Champion VIII

Globalmap Middle VI

Company statistics

Team statistics

Skirmishes statistics

Stronghold defense statistics

Share

Tanks (83)

Graphs

WN8

Clan history