FUNFEL_2

Position: Recruit

Joined: 2026-02-28

Stats
GM X
GM VIII
GM VI
Company statistics
Team statistics
Skirmishes statistics
Stronghold statistics
Share
Other

Overall Stats

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	2597		0		29		96
Ø Tier	7,64		0,00		9,10		8,79
Victories	1308	50,37%	0	0,00%	19	65,52%	49	51,04%
Defeats	1265	48,71%	0	0,00%	10	34,48%	47	48,96%
Draws	24	0,92%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	478	18,41%	0	0,00%	5	17,24%	12	12,50%
Tanks destroyed	1642	0,63	0	0,00	15	0,52	70	0,73
Destruction ratio	0,77		0,00		0,63		0,83
Tanks spotted	2285	0,88	0	0,00	24	0,83	76	0,79
Damage dealt	1.117,20		0,00		1.109,31		1.420,27
Capture points	967	0,37	0	0,00	0	0,00	24	0,25
Defense points	500	0,19	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	650,89		0,00		555,21		531,71
WN7	940,42		0,00		897,64		960,27
WN8	1211,90		0,00		980,07		1274,32

Total
Battles	2597
Ø Tier	7,64
Victories	1308	50,37%
Defeats	1265	48,71%
Draws	24	0,92%
Battles survived	478	18,41%
Tanks destroyed	1642	0,63
Destruction ratio	0,77
Tanks spotted	2285	0,88
Damage dealt	1.117,20
Capture points	967	0,37
Defense points	500	0,19
Experience	650,89
WN7	940,42
WN8	1211,90

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Ø Tier	0,00
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00
WN7	0,00
WN8	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	29
Ø Tier	9,10
Victories	19	65,52%
Defeats	10	34,48%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	5	17,24%
Tanks destroyed	15	0,52
Destruction ratio	0,63
Tanks spotted	24	0,83
Damage dealt	1.109,31
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	555,21
WN7	897,64
WN8	980,07

Past 30 days
Battles	96
Ø Tier	8,79
Victories	49	51,04%
Defeats	47	48,96%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	12	12,50%
Tanks destroyed	70	0,73
Destruction ratio	0,83
Tanks spotted	76	0,79
Damage dealt	1.420,27
Capture points	24	0,25
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	531,71
WN7	960,27
WN8	1274,32

Created at:

Last battle:

Last update:

Globalmap Absolute X

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Globalmap Champion VIII

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Globalmap Middle VI

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Company statistics

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Team statistics

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Skirmishes statistics

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Stronghold defense statistics

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

World of Tanks Profile

Anzeigen

Tanks (82)

Tank Name	Tier	Ø Damage	Ø XP	Battles	Victories	WN8
Bat.-Châtillon Bourrasque	8	1110,51	650	258	46,12%	1089,90
Object 703 Version II	8	1243,87	765	184	52,17%	1242,44
IS-3	8	1141,46	743	183	53,01%	1217,03
T-10	9	1316,11	662	149	46,31%	1087,89
KV-2	6	1082,09	656	148	54,05%	1993,01
Object 257	9	1355,70	734	103	49,51%	1159,68
CS-52 LIS	8	1101,71	633	83	49,40%	1121,02
TS-54	8	1134,79	747	80	48,75%	1079,74
M46 Patton	9	1320,64	703	69	49,28%	1143,79
M48A5 Patton	10	2006,42	826	62	58,06%	1593,92
M26 Pershing	8	1085,97	603	61	50,82%	1201,37
IS	7	1070,28	743	53	54,72%	1432,53
XM69 Hacker	11	1878,08	630	51	47,06%	1050,06
T-62A	10	1520,12	652	49	53,06%	1196,92
T-34-85M	6	1017,63	723	48	43,75%	1653,39
T20	7	779,09	574	47	46,81%	947,54
Fantôme	9	1245,91	679	45	57,78%	1057,51
UDES 03	8	862,91	508	45	42,22%	699,43
SU-8	6	626,18	462	45	48,89%	776,15
Maus	10	1714,75	729	44	56,82%	1170,26
M4A3E8 Sherman	6	599,22	508	41	48,78%	993,84
KV-1	5	929,64	734	39	66,67%	2276,06
Type 5 Heavy	10	2336,79	770	38	55,26%	1660,47
Ikv 65 Alt II	6	689,75	497	36	47,22%	1128,36
VK 30.01 (P)	6	900,33	673	36	50,00%	1563,45
Object 277	10	1537,90	573	31	41,94%	1034,24
IS-7	10	1619,59	680	29	44,83%	1032,22
AT 8	6	717,75	639	28	60,71%	1273,19
SU-122A	5	357,12	415	26	65,38%	790,55
Primo Victoria	8	690,46	578	26	38,46%	612,46
T69	8	1215,04	670	26	38,46%	1398,90
T-28	4	666,48	487	25	56,00%	2462,33
IS-6 B	8	1288,63	783	24	50,00%	1324,48
S-51	7	912,52	678	23	65,22%	1083,13
AMX 13 75	7	564,50	499	22	31,82%	882,29
Pz.Kpfw. IV Ausf. H	5	550,81	421	21	52,38%	1476,34
Ikv 90 Typ B	7	772,95	585	21	57,14%	1015,33
AT 7	7	649,44	506	18	50,00%	628,13
VK 30.01 (H)	5	626,47	478	17	52,94%	1385,51
Ares 75	8	1009,88	654	17	64,71%	1102,65
IS-6	8	1188,88	794	16	62,50%	1243,61
Churchill I	5	526,13	499	16	56,25%	969,80
Strv m/42	5	554,75	417	16	37,50%	1304,75
Black Prince II	7	1135,19	520	16	50,00%	1428,54
KV-1SA	5	611,87	537	15	53,33%	1251,40
AT 2	5	359,09	327	11	45,45%	632,28
KV-1S	6	811,09	625	11	63,64%	1496,74
M4A1 Sherman	5	287,91	346	11	54,55%	586,75
VK 30.02 (M)	6	880,10	718	10	50,00%	1686,95
Churchill VII	6	650,40	574	10	40,00%	1048,58
T6 Medium	4	541,00	504	9	55,56%	1374,24
Super Hellcat	7	1795,86	640	7	28,57%	2853,48
Tiger (P)	7	1171,29	873	7	57,14%	1910,63
Strv m/31	3	623,57	521	7	28,57%	1695,83
VK 100.01 (P)	8	1341,71	585	7	42,86%	1304,63
Sav m/43	4	490,50	409	6	66,67%	1653,09
Turtle Mk. I	8	987,20	710	5	40,00%	825,71
Dicker Max	6	930,60	683	5	60,00%	1780,48
Matilda	4	625,00	268	5	40,00%	1614,43
T-70	3	196,00	285	4	50,00%	558,36
Pz.Kpfw. IV Ausf. F2	5	599,25	301	4	0,00%	1072,77
SU-76M	4	137,25	127	4	0,00%	110,14
AMX 40	4	331,25	482	4	75,00%	1511,31
SU-100	6	453,75	391	4	75,00%	746,53
Lago	4	1007,33	764	3	66,67%	4624,22
AMX ELC bis	5	463,33	294	3	0,00%	1350,25
BZ-58	7	511,00	341	3	33,33%	360,38
T82 HMC	4	412,33	137	3	33,33%	1158,84
Heavy Tank No. VI	6	587,67	492	3	33,33%	619,55
Ikv 103	5	51,33	154	3	0,00%	0,00
M24E2 Super Chaffee	6	439,00	753	2	100,00%	1306,15
BT-2	2	220,00	252	2	50,00%	909,00
M2 Light	2	276,50	435	2	50,00%	1138,44
Excelsior	5	572,50	682	2	50,00%	967,23
Pz.Kpfw. III Ausf. J	4	839,50	913	2	100,00%	3511,81
O-I	6	1586,00	1162	2	100,00%	3370,19
Cromwell B	6	679,00	333	1	0,00%	870,77
MS-1	1	0,00	101	1	100,00%	261,00
M8A1	4	433,00	215	1	0,00%	1092,71
Strv 74	6	873,00	464	1	0,00%	1503,82
Windhund	8	934,00	195	1	0,00%	764,25
BT-5	3	709,00	707	1	100,00%	2235,47

Graphs

WN8

Anzeigen

Clan history

[C4MPA] CLAN FOR FUN!!!

Position: Recruit

Joined: 2026-02-28

FUNFEL_2

Overall Stats

Globalmap Absolute X

Globalmap Champion VIII

Globalmap Middle VI

Company statistics

Team statistics

Skirmishes statistics

Stronghold defense statistics

Share

Tanks (82)

Graphs

WN8

Clan history